Which of the following statements regarding OSPF routing updates on a multi-access network segment is true?

A. In multi-access networks, a DR and BDR are elected only if there are more than two routers connected to the network segment.

B. In multi-access networks, a DR and BDR are elected only if the subnet masks on the router interfaces are less than /30

C. In multi-access networks, a DR and BDR are elected. To ensure resiliency, both the DR and BDR send link-state advertisements describing the network.

D. In multi-access networks, a DR and BDR are elected. The DR sends link-state advertisements describing the network.

When an OSPF adjacency is stuck in the "ExchStart" state, what is the most likely cause?

A. The MTU does not match on both interfaces

B. OSPF is not enabled on one of the routers

C. The Router ID is the same on both routers

D. A OSPF Hello has not been received from the neighbor

Which of the following is a feature of a black-hole static route?

A. It discards packets based on the source address.

B. It discards packets that match the destination prefix.

C. It returns ICMP unreachable messages.

D. It discards packets based on the egress port.

Which of the following about IS-IS level hierarchies is FALSE?

A. Level 2 routers interconnect the Level 1 areas.

B. There must be a contiguous Level 2 backbone to enable routing throughout the entire network.

C. Level 1 routers send packets to the nearest L1/L2 router if the destination is in a different area

D. Level 2 routers store the Level 1 and Level 2 topology information in a single database.

Click on the exhibit.

An LSP path is established on router R1 toward router R6. If the link between routers R4 and R6 goes down, which of the following is the quickest way for service recovery?

A. Router R1 updates its FIB after a new SPF calculation.

B. Router R1 switches to a secondary path.

C. Router R4 switches to a FRR path.

D. Router R4 switches to a standby secondary path.

Click on the exhibit.

Which of the following is FALSE?

A. The Isp-ping tool is used to perform a unidirectional LSP test.

B. The router 10.10.10.2 is the egress router of the LSP.

C. The router can reach the far-end of the LSP through an RSVP-TE tunnel.

D. The router can reach the far-end of the LSP through an LDP tunnel.

Click on the exhibit.

An LDP tunnel is established on router R1 towards router R6. The link between routers R2 and R4 goes down. What will happen to the MPLS data traffic to router R6 IMMEDIATELY after the link goes down?

A. MPLS data traffic will be discarded until the IGP finds a new next-hop to router R3.

B. MPLS data traffic will be discarded unless the LDP tunnel has a standby secondary path.

C. MPLS data traffic will not be discarded because router R1 received labels from both next-hops, routers R2 and R3.

D. MPLS data traffic will not be discarded because of fast reroute capability on router R2.

Which mode does the following statement describe? An LSR will advertise a label mapping immediately, without waiting for a label mapping from the FEC's next-hop.

A. Liberal label retention mode

B. Conservative label retention mode

C. Ordered control mode

D. Independent control mode

Click the exhibit.

E-pipe 100 is using an SDP (4) with an LSP that uses the path shown (PE1-PE2-PE3- PE4). Which of the following is the expected output from the OAM command?

A. Option A

B. Option B

C. Option C

D. Option D

Which of the following commands is used to enable an E-pipe service?

A. config>service= epipe enable

B. config>service~ vpws enable

C. config>service= no shutdown

D. config>port= no shutdown

E. config>service= epipe no shutdown